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Lensing Cosmography
Dark matter, by its very
nature, can only be detected indirectly. An example is the
gravitational deflection of light from distant sources, known as
gravitational lensing. This provides a clean geometrical probe of the
mass distribution in the cosmic web bearing a strong imprint of the
global cosmology and, consequently, that of the dark energy.
Strong gravitational lenses, like optical lenses with astigmatism,
produce multiple images. The number density and distribution of
separations for split images are sensitive diagnostics of mass density
on various spatial scales. Quasars are particularly useful in strong
lensing studies due to their point-like appearance and emission-line
spectra carrying distance information.
Most lenses are too weak to form multiple images and only distort the
background galaxies. Images of source galaxies can still be stretched
(shear) and magnified (convergence) -- this is weak
lensing. Were the source properties exactly known, we could obtain
information about the lens by measuring shear and convergence. In
practice we rely on statistics of the lensed population. The weak
lensing technique promises more powerful constraints on the dark
Universe than any other currently used method. During this project we
will investigate strong as well as weak lensing probes.
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